Material Safety Data Sheet: 1-Nonanethiol

Identification

Product Name: 1-Nonanethiol
Chemical Formula: C9H20S
Synonyms: Nonyl mercaptan, Nonanethiol
CAS Number: 1455-21-6
Uses: Intermediate for organic synthesis, flavor, fragrance manufacturing
Supplier Information: Always include manufacturer details, address, and emergency contact numbers
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemical and industrial applications
Restrictions: Not intended for food, drug, or household use

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Flammable liquids (Category 3), Acute Toxicity (Inhalation) Category 4, Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 2, Acute Aquatic Toxicity Category 2
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Flammable liquid and vapor; causes skin irritation; harmful if inhaled; toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Pictograms: Flame, Exclamation mark, Environment
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat and open flames; avoid breathing vapors; use protective equipment; wash thoroughly after handling
Potential Health Effects: Inhalation causes headaches, nausea, dizziness; skin contact leads to redness and blistering; vapor irritates eyes and upper respiratory tract

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: 1-Nonanethiol
Concentration/Content: >98% by weight
Impurities: C8 and C10 thiols (minor)
Molecular Weight: 160.32 g/mol
EINECS Number: 215-933-4

First Aid Measures

Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for 15 minutes keeping eyelids open; seek medical attention
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; wash with soap and water for several minutes; get medical help for irritation
Inhalation: Move to fresh air; support breathing if required; get medical attention if symptoms persist
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water; do not induce vomiting; get medical help right away
Note to Physicians: Treat symptomatically based on exposure route and duration

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, or alcohol-resistant foam
Extinguishing Media to Avoid: Do not use water jets directly on the product
Specific Hazards: Vapors form explosive mixtures with air; combustion releases sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide
Protective Equipment: Firefighters must wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear
Firefighting Instructions: Isolate area, stay upwind, control run-off to prevent environmental impact

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate area; ventilate; avoid breathing vapors; wear impermeable gloves, protective eyewear, and respirator
Environmental Precautions: Prevent product from entering drains, surface waters, and soil
Clean-up Methods: Contain spill with non-combustible absorbent; collect residues in labeled containers for disposal
Decontamination Procedures: Wash area with water and detergent; ventilate site; dispose cleanup materials properly

Handling and Storage

Handling: Use only in well-ventilated areas; do not breathe vapors; minimize contact with skin and eyes; keep away from open flames, hot surfaces, and ignition sources
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers; keep in cool, dry, well-ventilated place; segregate from oxidizers, acids, and food materials
Specific Requirements: Ground containers during transfer; use explosion-proof electrical equipment
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, acids

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: No established OSHA or ACGIH PEL/TLV for 1-Nonanethiol
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, chemical fume hood
Personal Protection: Nitrile or neoprene gloves, safety goggles, impervious clothing, flame-resistant lab coat
Respiratory Protection: Air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge if engineering controls are insufficient
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and face after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke near the chemical

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow oily liquid
Odor: Strong, unpleasant, sulfurous
Odor Threshold: Detectable at low ppm due to powerful thiol smell
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point/Freezing Point: -16 °C
Boiling Point: 223–225 °C
Flash Point: 91 °C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Slow relative to water
Flammability (solid, gas): Not applicable
Explosive Limits: Lower: 0.9% v/v; Upper: 6.9% v/v in air
Vapor Pressure: 0.16 mmHg at 25 °C
Vapor Density: 5.5 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 0.84 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): log Kow 4.4
Auto-ignition Temperature: 245 °C
Decomposition Temperature: Data not available

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Reactivity: May react with oxidizing agents and strong acids
Hazardous Reactions: Reacts with oxidizers to produce heat and sulfur oxides
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flames, sparks, high temperatures, incompatible chemicals
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Oral rat LD50: 2,320 mg/kg; Harmful by inhalation and skin absorption
Potential Health Effects: Eye and skin irritant; high vapor exposure causes drowsiness, headache, and respiratory irritation
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure may cause dermatitis, respiratory sensitization
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Mutagenicity: No data indicating mutagenic effects
Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity: No known effects at this time

Ecological Information

Aquatic Toxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms; LC50 (fish, 96h): ~4.5 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Biodegradation expected, but may be slow under certain conditions
Bioaccumulative Potential: log Kow suggests significant bioaccumulation risk
Mobility in Soil: Low mobility due to hydrophobic nature
Other Adverse Effects: Avoid entry into soil and waterways; potential for long-term negative effects in aquatic environments

Disposal Considerations

Disposal Methods: Dispose in accordance with local, state, and federal laws; use licensed chemical waste contractor
Container Disposal: Rinse thoroughly, remove or deface labels, render unusable before disposal
Special Precautions: Do not allow product or rinse waters to reach watercourses or public sewers
Disposal of Contaminated Packaging: Manage empty containers as hazardous waste unless properly cleaned

Transport Information

UN Number: UN1993
Proper Shipping Name: Flammable liquid, n.o.s. (1-Nonanethiol)
Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
Packing Group: III
Marine Pollutant: Yes
Special Transport Measures: Label as flammable, pack in approved containers; keep away from food and feedstuffs
Transport Labels: Flammable Liquid, Environmentally Hazardous

Regulatory Information

TSCA Status: Listed on the US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory
REACH Registration: Registration required in European Union
SARA 313: Not subject to reporting
WHMIS: Classified as hazardous in Canada
California Proposition 65: No components listed
Other Regulation: Ensure workplace labeling and safety training meets OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard
Restrictions: Special provisions may apply for storage amounts or uses in sensitive locations