MSDS for 1-Pentanethiol

Identification

Product Name: 1-Pentanethiol
Chemical Formula: C5H12S
CAS Number: 110-66-7
Synonyms: Amyl mercaptan, Pentyl mercaptan
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemical, industrial applications
Manufacturer/Supplier: Chemical supply companies globally, always check specific supplier for contact information.
Emergency Contact: Poison Control Center, local emergency services, supplier emergency number printed on packaging.

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), Acute toxicity, dermal and inhalation (Category 3), Acute aquatic toxicity (Category 2)
Label Elements: Flame, Exclamation mark, Environment pictograms
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Flammable liquid and vapor. Causes skin and eye irritation. Toxic if inhaled. Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects.
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames. Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection. Avoid breathing fumes, vapors, spray. Use only outdoors or in well-ventilated area. Store locked up.
Potential Health Effects: Breathing in can trigger headaches, nausea, even unconsciousness at high levels. Eye contact creates painful irritation and redness. Skin absorption risks harmful effects, including redness and burns. Environmentally, leaks or spills can damage local water sources or threaten aquatic life.

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: 1-Pentanethiol
Concentration: 98-100%
CAS Number: 110-66-7
Impurities: Trace hydrocarbons or related mercaptans, usually below 1% based on manufacturer QA/QC data.

First Aid Measures

Eye Contact: Quickly rinse opened eyes with water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses. Call physician immediately if irritation or pain continues.
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. If skin irritation persists, seek medical advice.
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air. Support breathing if necessary with rescue breathing or oxygen. Get medical help right away.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth if the person is unconscious. Call poison center or doctor without delay.
Most Important Symptoms: Burning eyes, severe coughing, headaches, dizziness, nausea. Allergic reactions may occur and should not be overlooked.

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam. Avoid direct water jets that can spread burning liquid.
Hazards from Combustion: Emits toxic fumes such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide. Explosive mixtures possible above flash point.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters need self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear to control vapor inhalation or skin contact.
Special Procedures: Remove containers from fire area when it can be done without risk. Cool exposed containers with water spray to prevent pressure build-up.

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel. Keep upwind from spill. Avoid inhaling vapors or touching liquid.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent runoff into drains or water bodies using barriers or absorbent materials. Notify environmental authorities in case of large spills.
Methods for Containment and Clean-Up: Absorb spill with inert material such as sand or vermiculite. Scoop into sealed chemical waste containers. Ventilate area after clean-up. Dispose according to local waste regulations.

Handling and Storage

Handling: Use in a fume hood or with proper ventilation. Wear chemical-resistant gloves and goggles. Wash hands and exposed skin with soap after use. Never smoke or have open flames near work area.
Storage Conditions: Store in a tightly closed, labeled chemical-resistant container. Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, direct sunlight. Place in a cool, dry, well-ventilated spot, away from oxidizing agents and food products.
Storage Stability: Stable under recommended conditions. Avoid sources of ignition, contact with oxidizers, acids, or strong bases.

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: ACGIH TLV: 0.5 ppm (skin)
Engineering Controls: Use chemical fume hood, vapor extraction system to keep concentrations below exposure limits.
Personal Protective Equipment: Nitrile gloves, chemical splash goggles, flame-resistant lab coat, and where necessary, face shield. Use respirators with organic vapor cartridges when controls do not keep vapors below safe limits.
Hygiene Measures: Clean skin before lunch and after handling. Regularly inspect PPE for damage and chemical penetration.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor: Strong, unpleasant, rotting cabbage or garlic-like smell
Odor Threshold: Extremely low, often detectable below 1 ppm
pH: Not applicable (non-aqueous)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: -94°C
Boiling Point/Range: 120-122°C
Flash Point: 32°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Moderate, increases with warmth and agitation
Flammability: Readily flammable
Upper/Lower Explosion Limits: 10.4% (upper), 1.1% (lower)
Vapor Pressure: 16 mm Hg at 25°C
Vapor Density: 3.5 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 0.825 g/cm³ at 20°C
Solubility: Insoluble in water; mixes well with most organic solvents
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): 2.40
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 224°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not determined
Viscosity: 1.70 mPa·s at 20°C

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Remains stable under normal ambient and handling conditions.
Reactivity: Ignitable vapor forms with air. Contact with oxidizers may cause fire or explosions.
Possible Hazardous Reactions: Reacts violently with acids, bases, strong oxidizing agents.
Conditions to Avoid: Open flames, hot surfaces, sources of ignition, static discharge.
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers (e.g., permanganates, nitrates), acids, some plastics or soft metals.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, and other toxic fumes during combustion or thermal decomposition.

Toxicological Information

Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat) ~742 mg/kg; inhalation causes severe respiratory symptoms.
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes strong irritation and burns after prolonged or repeated exposure.
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Triggers immediate pain and redness, possible blindness without prompt rinsing.
Respiratory Sensitization: Risk of allergic asthma; extreme exposures may cause bronchospasm.
Skin Sensitization: Possible skin rashes with repeated exposure.
Chronic Effects: Prolonged inhalation or skin exposure may lead to headaches, fatigue, liver or kidney damage after repeated incidents.
Other Data: No reliable evidence for carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, or reproductive toxicity in animal studies.

Ecological Information

Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to fish and aquatic invertebrates. LC50 (fish, 96h): 5-15 mg/L. Accumulates in aquatic organisms with potential for long-term ecosystem damage.
Mobility in Soil: Moderate to high; leaches quickly in sandy or loose soils, reaching ground and surface waters.
Persistence and Degradability: Degrades slowly; volatile but can still impact air and water quality.
Bioaccumulative Potential: Moderate to high due to insolubility in water and affinity for organic matter.
Other Adverse Effects: Strong odor may drive wildlife away. Spills near habitats disrupt feeding, breeding, nesting activity for sensitive species nearby.

Disposal Considerations

Waste Treatment Methods: Consult hazardous waste guidelines. Store chemical waste in sealed, labeled glass containers. Dispose of through specialized chemical incineration, never with household trash or regular landfill.
Sewage Disposal: Never release into drains, sewage, or natural water sources.
Packaging: Contaminated containers should go through the same chemical waste channel; rinse with compatible solvent before recycling if allowed by local authority.

Transport Information

UN Number: UN 2424
UN Proper Shipping Name: Pentanethiol
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquids)
Packing Group: III
Labeling Requirements: Flammable liquid, toxic; reference to company and chemical in clear view.
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant (per IMDG)
Special Precautions: Secure upright during transport; keep away from humans, animals, food. Transporters should keep emergency response paperwork and PPE readily available.

Regulatory Information

OSHA: Listed as hazardous under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
TSCA: 1-Pentanethiol is listed in the US TSCA Inventory
EU Classification: Flammable, Toxic, Dangerous for the Environment under CLP Regulation
Other Regulations: Subject to workplace air quality regulations, hazardous waste rules, transport safety standards in most industrialized countries. Always check regional/national requirements before use or disposal.
Priority Pollutant: Tracked for emission and environmental discharge in many jurisdictions.
Community Right-to-Know: SARA Title III listed, safety data to be disclosed to employees and downstream users.